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Understanding
Islam Correctly to Prevent Ourselves from Committing Bid’ah
By
Dr. Norlain Dindang Mababaya
Islam
as the perfect and true religion is not only complete, but applies to all
generations, at all times, under any circumstance.
This is one of the important concepts that we must know and at the same
time convey to all. We do not,
therefore, need to make any bid`ah (innovation or fabrication) in our
religion.
As much as possible, we
must refrain from committing Bid'ah.
Innovation in religion in any form must be avoided. Let us always be
guided with the Qur’anic injunction to obey Allâh the Almighty and His
Messenger (sallallâhu ‘alayhi
wasallam) by adhering to the Qur'an and the Sunnah. We must take admonitions
from the following Qur'anic injunctions:
“But no, by your Rabb
(Sustainer), they can have no Faith, until they make you (O Muhammad) judge in
all disputes between them, and find in themselves no resistance against your
decisions, and accept (them) with full submission.” (Qur'an 4:65)
"...And whosoever
does not judge in accordance with what Allâh has revealed, such are the kafiroon
(disbelievers).” (5:44)
"...And
whosoever does not judge in accordance with what Allâh has revealed, such are
the dhalimoon (wrongdoers).” (5:45)
"...And whosoever does not judge in accordance with what
Allâh has revealed, (then) such are the fasiqoon (the rebellious) to Allâh.”
(5:47)
"It
is not for a believer, man or woman when Allâh and His Messenger (sallallâhu
‘alayhi wasallam) have decreed a matter that they should have any
option in their decision. And whoever disobeys Allâh and His Messenger, he has
indeed strayed into a plain error.” (33:36)
“O you who believe! Obey
Allâh, and obey the Messenger (Muhammad) and render not vain your deeds.”
(47:33)
In
line with the above Qur'anic admonitions, the Prophet
(sallallâhu ‘alayhi
wasallam) stresses the importance of knowing and holding on to the Qur’an and
the Sunnah and at the same time warns us to avoid bid`ah.
He makes it very clear that
Allâh the Most High rejects any religious deed, which is not in accordance with
the Qur’an and the Sunnah. For
our guidance, we must avoid any form of bid`ah.
We should take admonition in the following authentic Ahâdith:
‘Aishah (Radhiallâhu
anha) reported that Allâh’s Messenger (sallallâhu
‘alayhi wasallam) said,
“Whoso introduces any thing new to this affairs of ours (i.e., religion) which
does not form a part of it, it is invalid.”
(Bukhâri 3/861 and Ibn Majah 1/14)
Jabir
ibn Abdullah (radhiallâhu anhu)
narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (sallallâhu
‘alayhi wasallam) said, "The
best speech is that embodied in the Book of Allâh, and the best guidance is the
guidance given by Muhammad. The most evil affairs are their innovations; and
every innovation is an error.”
(Muslim 1885)
Yahya ibn Abu Muta
said, "I heard Irbad bin Sariya
as saying, "One day Allâh’s Messenger (sallallâhu
‘alayhi wasallam) got
up among us and delivered a profoundly effective sermon to us: the hearts
softened and eyes welled up with tears thereby.”
It was said: “Allâh’s Messenger (sallallâhu
‘alayhi wasallam), you have delivered to us a farewell sermon.
So enjoin upon us some duty.” He
remarked, “God-consciousness, listening to (the commands of those at the head
of affairs) and the compliance (thereof) are obligatory duties for you, even if
he (the ruler) be an Abyssinian slave. Very
soon, you would see tremendous controversy after me.
At that juncture, it is incumbent upon you to adhere strictly to my
Sunnah and the Sunnah of the rightly guided caliphs.
Hold fast that with teeth and pursue not the affairs of innovation for
every innovation is straying from the Right Path.” (Ibn Majah 1/42, Abu
Dawud 4950 and Tirmidhi)
Ghudhayf
ibn al Harith al Thumali (radhiallâhu
anhu) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (sallallâhu
‘alayhi wasallam) said,
“Never did a people make an innovation (in religion) there was withdrawn from
them the equal measure of Sunnah. Adhering to Sunnah is better than making
innovations.” (Tirmidhi
187 and Ahmad)
Ali
ibn Abu Talib (radhiallâhu anhu) said
that according to Allâh’s Messenger (sallallâhu
‘alayhi wasallam) “…If
anyone introduces an innovation, he will be responsible for it. If anyone
introduces an innovation or gives shelter to a man who introduces an innovation
(in religion), he is cursed by Allâh, by His angels, and by all the people.”
(Abu Daud, 4515)
Bilal
ibn Harith al-Muzani (radhiallâhu
anhu) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (sallallâhu
‘alayhi wasallam) said,
“...He who introduced some evil innovation, which Allâh and His Messenger (sallallâhu
‘alayhi wasallam) did not approve has (a burden of sin upon him) like
the sins of one who acted according to it, without their sins being mitigated
thereby in the least.” (Tirmidhi 168)
Hasan
ibn Attiyah (radhiallâhu anhu)
narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (sallallâhu
‘alayhi wasallam) said, “No one ever made an innovation in their
religion but Allâh withdrew the equal portion from their Sunnah and He would
not restore it to them till the Day of Resurrection.”
(Tirmidhi 188)
Abdullah
reported on the authority of his father, “I heard Allâh’s Messenger
(sallallâhu ‘alayhi wasallam)
saying, “...And, he who
introduced an innovation that Allâh and His Messenger (sallallâhu
‘alayhi wasallam) had not sanctioned, would incur (a sin) like the sin
of one of the people who acted upon it without any diminution in people’s
sins.” (Ibn Majah
1/210)
Indeed, there are numerous authentic
Ahâdîth that clearly warn us of the dangers of committing Bid’ah
in our religion. It is for
our guidance that we must know Islâm in its purest form.
Only sufficient knowledge of the Qur’ân and the Sunnah can guide us to
stick to the right path and avoid other paths that lead us to bid’ah and hence
sinful deeds.
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